慢性动脉与血压调节与原发性高血压病__原发性高血压病

null生理科学与临床null¤îÓâØ«Ðð?ÚÓâhnull null nullû.原发性高血压病范少光null 吴null 静* null 吕null 昂*(ØvÐDÐ3ØÐÐhØ3ØÐ",Ø100083)K1null 原发性高血压病的发生原因和发病机理十分复杂,很多问题目前并不十分清楚b通过近几十年的研究,大家比较一致的看法是,原发性高血压病的内因是肾脏功能的损伤,其发生条件(外因)是摄取的食盐(钠)过多b人类饮食中添加食盐已有几千年的历史,它是人类文明发展的一种表现b然而各种研究的结果表明,食盐的过量摄取的确是高血压的元凶b此外,原发性高血压多见于老年人b由于有这些特点,因此原发性高血压病常常被看成是一种null文明null病,一种肾脏的疾病,一种老年人常见的病b本文将对这些特点作进一步的分析和讨论b1oMnull 原发性高血压;食盐摄取;肾脏功能ÏmsË|null R331Longnullterm Regulation of Arterial Pressure and EssentialHypertensionnull null nullû. EssentialHypernulltensionnull FAN ShaonullGuang, WU Jing, LVAng (Departm ent of Physiology, School of BasicMedical Scinullences, Peking University H ealth Science Center, Beijing 100083, China)Abstractnull Although themechanisms underlying the developmentofessentialhypertension remain elunullsive, many observationspointto the kidney as a primary actor and sodium as themain culprit(externalfactor) for developmentofhypertension. Dietary sodium hasbeen existed for several thousandsyears inhuman being and itseems to be a civilized food habi.t However, over the last few decades, experimennullta,l observationaland clinicaldata have continuously indicated thatexcesssaltintake ispositively associnullatedwith elevatedbloodpressure. Itwasalso found thataged people iseasier to be suffered from essennulltialhypertension. By now, essentialhypertension isfrequently considered asa "civilized" disease, adisnullease of the kidney and the disease frequently occurring in the aged people. In the presentmini reviewthese featuresofessentialhypertension are discussed inmore details.Key woadsnull essentialhypertension; salt intake; renal functionnull null'70%bb£(cNaCl)3Ø÷£(0. 9% NaCl)È!îþb¨b£È!H,îþ¥îÓ⺵dÈl¥6Ú(66mmHg)b73Ø÷£9b£,îþÉ¥¸b£H¥2 4bîÓâ+?­=6Ú40 mmHg,Ûª|3Ø÷£9Ðîb£,îÓâ?­=í-¥£ÜbKª,Q3Ø÷£9b£È!,îÓâQ6ÚbNHîþ¨÷¥3Ø÷£,Óâ96À÷Ú¥£ÜbBÕÅ¥Ú¸ÚÓâ¥îþb®L²TA,îÚÓâ³1µñA!¥Hq:/ÿ?¥å,îþ?¨æ8=¥NaC;lÉV¥3Ø÷£,/îÚÓ¸byNTª¹ÕÚÓâ¥3þÐil¿,6ÚÓâT¹N,û8¥£÷Ü(m2)bDenton©4 1995M1®î¥22ºSL,3Bñl¥öÏ,v£TF8¥Z/x¹Jþb¥8×50kg/,Ä?ÉJ¥÷0. 5g/b3MÏ12ºvîþ¥lêâafâÜ(âûÃnüA¥MÄbÅ¥10ºîþ,ÉJ¥J÷ïv6Ú, 5g/?(19Û), 10g/?(3Û), 15g/?(67Û)bBÛùVª,µ20Û¥Jë¯ÈJb989ÛÚ÷ù,îÓâÜ(6Ú33 /10mmHgb20Û¥÷ù,Óâí-¥£ÜbB²TªüÚ÷J6ÚÓâ¥A1Hqb®¿K¤Í¦Ë¥îþ,L¥!9E¦Ë|J÷¥8,7OL¥HWÉrM,yNB²Tµ 75%1îÖJþ,yN1+Y1ÿJÖ¥FýVËÏ¥JÖbÂT?Ã¥10MÏ|JÖFýÏ¥J÷hBö,ÅSü?ÄM÷15£¦¥3,i?üA4Ú¦ö¥rB£Ü3É 7bm3null DASHJFÐvF(ÅSJ)J÷|Hq/¥Ü(lêânull null (=)ð?ÚÓâhÐ/#ÿ?null|/#T¹¤îÓâØ«¥Ïð?ÚÓâÁ3¥ö1Û2,B°µ¥b¥ðy,ð?ÚÓâh¦,ªªA/#¥sÈ,èÂ/lorVq/#¥)£ûÀµüAMÄbh¦¥Ó¸9Àµv¥MÄb-ëX4,ð?ÚÓâh¦Ó5"dÏK¹üA¥MÄÛEï6ÚbÛÓ5¥lêf»Ð*Ü8A¥Ø«µáM1",yN,¸X¤ÓâØ«V?®*Ü"döî¥,V7ª¹ð?ÚÓâ®ÛEï¥6Ú¥bÜVÍäM¥ùî,ïv¿M¦Ì¥Õ4Q,|?hØ/#b1.îþL¥ùî: Cowley©10M-;ÜB,9²îþk¥ùî²T,ðÌV5ñZëªü/#ÿ?¥MĤîÓâØ«ð?ÚÓâhî¥$(Cowley©. 1995)b(1)VLÚÓâîþA,Ð5/îîþÓâûÃ6Ú¥ZE,讲=/î²=öî,®9%aÓ5ÅfÍIIaÓ5FâÍa/=9ÿJ/FÍ©,®SmM"vs/#©©¥ÚÓâ,ñÌûµB¥+Ä,'/#÷£¥ÿ?üA®b(2)®L./î¥ÚÓâîþ,èÂ1?ÚÓâ(SHR)aDahl÷ùËLyonÚÓâ©,ñÌ¥/#ÿ?ûµñ¥å,âïnullæUwL·M(Wnª)b(3)BtµrÍÚÓâ¥0þ,Ð5ñÌ¥T¨ØiM,ñ̥حBP/âïnullæUwLPM,i9F/#£)T¨,Ó5ÅfÍн(ACE)Å4aÓ5ÅfÍII (Ang II )s8E4aæU0aÁY¡E4©b(4)0þ9ÿPîþÓâûÃ6Ú,V7/îÚÓâîþ(Granger©. 2000)bËîþ¥/#ÿ?null52null3ØSÐÉZ2007M»38»1ùûµåbñÌ¥+Ä,îÓâ6Ú¥H,ôµ/#9â6Ú,®¿îþ¥/#ÿ?så,îþº?ÕÚ/#9â¥Hq/,»û8=¥£÷ÜbèÂ9ÿAng IIa%aÚ¼ÖÓ56âÍ( arginine vasopressin, AVP)©bÂT¦¹¹®/#¥9â,P­ë¯rÈ£Ü,îþ|?ÃF×£÷¥û=,KÔî0ÚÓâbMQ,ÂT¦¹¹®îþ¥É£É÷,P­Ð£÷MÄ¥,îþVîÚÓâbªü/#ÿ?såi£÷¥û=?/îÚÓâ