unit 2 the united kingdom gramma（教师版）

Book 5 Unit 2 Grammar过去分词做宾语补足语课前回顾和预习：什么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, cause, see , find, call, get, have, let等。宾语补足语的表现形式：某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语一、过去分词作宾语补足语1. 课文回顾并判断V-ed形式在句子中充当的成分。1) Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. ( _语) 宾语补足语2) You find most of the population settled in the South, but most of the large industrial cities in the Midlands and North of England. ( _语) 宾语补足语3) to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. ( _语) 宾语补足语4)It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. ( _语) 宾语补足语2、过去分词作宾语补足语归纳总结1) 作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词, 表示_被动和_已完成意义, 宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的_被动关系, 其结构形式为:主语谓语动词宾语宾补（过去分词）。如：I want the letter posted. (post)我想把这封信寄出去。2) 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时, 仅表示动作完成。因此, 宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。如：She found her necklace gone on her way home.(go) 在回家的路上, 她发现项链不见了。 3) 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状态而不表示被动的意义。如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. (seat)我进来时, 发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。 1）After waking up, I found everyone _(go).( 表示_完成) gone2）The speaker raised her voice to make herself _( hear). (表示_被动和完成) heard3）They found their new bikes _(steal).( 表示_被动和完成) stolen3一般分成以下四种情况:1）. 在feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。（1）I was sleeping when I heard my name_(call). called（2）He was disappointed to find his suggestions _(turn) down. turned（3）We can hear the windows _(beat) by the heavy rain drops. beaten2）. 在get, have, make, keep使役动词之后, 用过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示“使/ 让 ” 。（1）We should keep them _( inform) of what is going on here. informed（2）Jane got her bad tooth _(pull) out at the dentists. pulled（3）Dont leave the windows_(break) like this all the time. broken3）. 在 like, order, want, wish表示“意欲；命令”的动词之后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。（1）I wish these letters (to be)_(type) as soon as possible. typed（2）She wants her paintings_ (display)in the gallery, but we dont think they would be very popular. displayed （3）I want the suit _(make)to his own measure. 我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。 made（4）My parents expected everything _( prepare)for the party before they came back from work. prepared4）. “with 宾语过去分词”结构“with 宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。（1） The murderer was brought in, with his hands_(tie) behind his back. tied（2） With water_( heat), we can see the steam. heated（3）With the matter_( settle), we all went home. settled（4）With many brightly-coloured flowers _( plant)around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. planted4要注意的几个方面1）. “have + 宾语过去分词”的几种含义在“ have 宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用 get 。这一结构有以下几种含义：(1). 意为“主语请别人做某事”。He wants to _tomorrow.(检查眼睛) have his eyes examinedI _(让人修理我的自行车). have had my bike repairedThe villagers_(种了许多树) just then. had many trees planted(2). 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。Be careful, or you'll_(伤到你的手)_. have your hands hurtMy elder sister_(丢了钱包) on a bus last month. had her wallet stolenThe old man _(折断了腿)in the accident. had his leg broken(3). 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。 He _(把墙刷油漆了)this morning. had the walls painted2）过去分词与现在分词，不定式作宾语补足语的区别过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语是动作的承受者；现在分词作宾语补足语时宾语是动作的执行者; 不定式强调动发生的全过程。试比较：I saw him _( take)away the dictionary just now. (拿走了那本字典) take I saw him _( take)away the dictionary on the desk. (正在拿那本字典) takingI saw the dictionary _( take)away by a child. (字典被拿走了) taken 语法训练一单项选择1.(2000,全国卷)The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.carry out carrying carried out to carry out2. Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had_ went wrong again.it it repairedrepaired to be repaired3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees_ around out school.A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted4. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written-English _in a short period. A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve5. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowing B known C. to know D. to be known7. He found them _ at table_.A. sat; to play chess