山东高三英语一轮收尾二轮起航 （考情前瞻+热点自测+考点诠释+跟踪演练+名师技能策略）词法 代词、介词和介词短语专题课件

代词、介词和介词短语年份数量考点201320122011代词词it的用法023it, one, ones, that, those等替代词词的用法533不定代词词的用法668年份数量考点201320122011介词词和介词词短语语介词词和介词词短语语的辨析857介词词的固定搭配用法3661. (2013·四川高考)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than on the small ones. A. one B. this C. that D. it【解析】选C。考查替代词。句意: 主干道上的交通比小街道上的交通拥有更长时间的绿灯信号。A项指代前文的表泛指的单数可数名词; B项为指示代词, 表示“这个”; C项指代前文不可数名词或表特指的单数可数名词; D项指代前文提到的那个事物。根据句意可知是不同街道的green signal在比较, 故用that。2. (2013·辽辽宁高考)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then of her colleagues. A. that B. one C. onesD. those【解析】选A。考查代词。句意: 令Della高兴的是, 她首先赢得了学生们的信任, 然后赢得了同事们的信任。A项用来代替不可数名词或者是可数名词单数; B项代替可数名词单数; C项代替可数名词复数; D项用来代替“同名异物”的可数名词复数。trust是不可数名词, 故选A。3. (2013·天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine. A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones【解析】选C。考查代词。句意: 我们工厂里有几台跟这本杂志上描述的很相似的机器。those指代可数名词复数, 特指, 相当于the ones; ones指代可数名词复数, 泛指。“described in this magazine”作修饰成分, 故此处应是特指, 指代前面的machines, 是复数, 故选those。4. (2013·浙江高考)Half of surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. A. theseB. someC. ones D. those【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意: 在来自16个国家的被调查的人中, 一半人说他们会在第一时间告诉他们最好的朋友最大的愿望以及最大的恐惧。those代指the people, 此处有定语修饰, 是特指。故选D。ones是泛指。5. (2013·新课标课标 全国卷)It's an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do . A. othersB. eitherC. anotherD. both【解析】选D。考查代词。句意: 只能二选一我们或者今年买新车或者去度假, 但是不能两者都做。others其他的人或物; either两者中的任一个; another另一个; both两者。both. . . not/not. . . both是部分否定, 意为“并非两者都”。根据语境可知此处指不能同时做两件事, 故选D。6. (2013·安徽高考)This project requires close teamwork.will be achieved unless we work well together. A. Nothing B. AnythingC. Something D. Everything【解析】选A。考查代词。句意: 这个项目需要密切合作。除非我们一起好好工作, 否则将一事无成。nothing没有任何事, 符合句意。anything任何事; something一些事; everything所有的事。7. (2013·山东东高考)Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like of them very much. A. eitherB. any C. each D. another【解析】选A。考查代词。句意: 我曾经在纽约和芝加哥住过, 但并不非常喜欢两者当中的任何一个。结合语境及but, A项either指两者中的任何一个, 与not连用表两者间的全部否定, 符合题意。B项any指三者及三者以上中的任何一个; C项each指每一个, 与not连用, 表部分否定; D项another指三者及三者以上中的另一个, 均不符合句意, 故选A。8. (2013·重庆庆高考)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is . A. another B. the otherC. one another D. one【解析】选A。考查代词。句意: 回收是保护环境的一种方式, 再利用是另外一种方式。another表示“三者或三者以上中的另一个”, 保护环境方式很多, 故使用another; B项the other表示“两者中的另外一个”; C项表示“互相”; D项表示“一个”, 相当于“a+n. ”。9. (2013·陕陕西高考)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost of her enthusiasm for life. A. someB. neitherC. noneD. all【解析】选C。考查代词。句意: 露丝玛丽虽然多年患一种严重的病, 但是她丝毫没有失去对生活的热情。some一些; neither两者都不; none没有, 毫无; all所有, 全部。根据句意选C。10. (2013·新课标课标 全国卷)A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics. A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without【解析】选D。考查介词。句意: 如果没有一些数学知识, 对物理进行严谨的研究是不可能的。against反对, 倚, 靠, 映衬, 预防, 相比; before在之前, 才; beyond超出, 在那一边; without(如果)没有。由此可知选D。11. (2013·新课标课标 全国卷)It was a real race time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. over B. by C. for D. against【解析】选D。考查介词。句意: 为了完成这项任务, 我们真是分秒必争。值得庆幸的是, 我们完成了。a race against time表示“与时间赛跑”, 是固定搭配。12. (2013·安徽高考)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library a book about it. A. on B. at C. for D. to【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意: 你参观名胜之前, 要在当地图书馆寻找一本关于它的书。look for寻找; look on看待, 旁观; look at看; look to朝看去。13. (2013·安徽高考)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed. , they will learn to take care of themselves. A. On the contrary B. In a wordC. That is to say D. Whats more【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意: 如果父母让孩子帮助做家务, 孩子们会感觉自己被需要, 而且他们还能学会照顾自己。whats more而且; on the contrary与此相反; in a word总之; that is to say那就是说。根据句意前后表示递进关系可知选D。14. (2013·福建高考)Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always whenever she tries to. A. in the way B. on watchC. in sight D. on the line【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 史密斯夫人发现很难(把房间)打扫干净, 因为无论何时她想试着打扫时, 孩子们总是妨碍她。in the way挡道, 妨碍; on watch值班, 监视; in sight看得见; on the line冒风险。15. (2013·湖北高考)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered a long lost antique Greek vase. A. at random B. by chanceC. in turn D. on occasion【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 最近一个坐渡船到南方岛屿去旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失很久的古希腊花瓶。A项“任意地, 随便地”; B项“偶然地”; C项“依次, 相应地”; D项“有时, 偶尔”。根据句意可知选B项。16. (2013·江苏苏高考)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend. A. On account of B. In response toC. In view of D. With regard to【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意: 每当我收到你的邮件时我总是非常开心。关于7月1日举