青海省八年级英语上册《Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister Grammar》课件

Grammar,动词的-ing形式,动名词,动名词的否定形式：由not + 动名词构成。 如：I regret not being able to help you. He was punished for not having finished his work.,用法说明：(1)动名词的一般式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后或者两个动作同时发生。 如：She likes watching football matches. I am looking forward to seeing you soon. (2)动名词的完成式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后前。 如：I regret not having studied hard. He was praised for having done such rapid progress. (3) 动名词的主动式一般表示主动意义，即动名词的逻辑主语和动名词之间是主动关系。 如：I am interested in watching football matches. They think of going there in autumn. (4)动名词的被动式表示被动意义，即动名词的逻辑主语和动名词之间是被动关系。 如：We hate being treated like that. He didnt regretted having been left alone at home by his father.,(5) 动名词的复合结构：物主代词或名词所有格与动名词连用，构成动名词的复合结构。 在口语和不太正式的英语中，这种结构如果不用在句子开头，常用人称代词宾格代替 物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。 如：He doesnt like me borrowing his bike. I dont remember my mother going there.,(7)只能接动名词的及物动词：“霉咖啡不是”（megafeps）八个词。mind, enjoy, give up, avoid, finish, excuse, practise, suggest.另外还有：miss, escape, advise. risk, appreciate, cant help, look forward to, stick to, devoteto, lead to, be used to, be worth doing, Its no use doing sth, It is no good doing sth. 等等。 如：The wolf missed being killed by the hunter. I couldnt risk missing the train. He couldnt help laughing at the words. It is not worth worrying about . It is no use talking. It is no good doing it. She devoted his life to teaching.,（8）动词need, want, require, 和形容词worth 后面的动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 如：Your shoes need washing. The windows require cleaning. The book wants publishing, The film is well worth seeing. (9) 既可以接动名词也可以接不定式的动词如下： begin, start(意义相同), stop, remember, forget, regret, want, like, need, try.（意义不同） (10) 动名词做定语表示名词的作用。如： a swimming pool, a sleeping car.,动名词练习1.I suggest_(go) shopping this afternoon.2.Do you enjoy_(watch) TV?3.We dislike _ (read) long articles.4. Stop _(shout), its time for class.5. I have finished _(write) the composition.6. Do you mind my /me_(smoke) here?7.They practise_(speak) English every day.8. He is considering _(move) into the new house.9.I advise _(go) to see a film.10. She missed _(catch) the train.,11.He escaped _(be) killed by the bad man.12.They prefer _(walk) to _(cycle).13.I hate _(tell) lies.14. I remember_(see) the film last year.15. He forgot _(lock) the door. He didnt need to have come back.16.The little boy keeps _(cry) all the time.17.My father is used to _(live) in the country.18. She is fond of _(play) the computer.19. WE are good at _(describe) important events.20.I dont feel like _(eat) anything.,21. She is interested in _(organize) the meeting.22. I dont care for _(travel) by bus.23.He left home without _(say) anything.24.He got down to _(develop) his farm.25.My uncle died from _(smoke).26.The patient gave up _(eat) anything.27.We came here in the hope of _(find) a job.28. The gestures are accepted as _(have) the same meeting.29.Men in China shake hands instead of _(kiss)30. That will mean _(flood) some of our land.,31.We are proud of _(be) Chinese.32._(See) is believing.33._(Collect) stamps is my hobby.34._(Get) up early is very difficult, but going to bed is very easy.35.It is no use_(argue) about it.36. It is no good talking about it.37.Please excuse my_(be) late.38.He regret _(have) given you so much trouble.39.He tried _(give) the little dog some milk.40.The room needs _(clean).41.The table requires _ (fix).42.The film is worth _(see).43 We are looking forward to _(see) you.,现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。,现在分词,所有否定式都是在ing前面加not,作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前; 分词短语作定语时放在后,并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系, 这是区分现在分词作定语和动名词作定语的判断方法之一 e.g.arunningboy; thegirlstandingthere 并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句 e.g.aboywhoisrunning agirlwhoisstandingthere 注意：分词的完成时不可作定语 注意：在messagelettersignnewsnotice等词后要用现在分词作定语不用过去分词这是考试的易错点 注意：某些现在分词作定语时已不再表示动作已经从分词变为了形容词词性interestingstoryanexcitingmatch这些也可以属于现在分词作定语但是不能转化为相应的定语从句但是可以有三级变化（原级比较级最高级）和被某些副词如very修饰,作补语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补 ）感官动词：see,hear,watch,feel, notice,observe,keep,find,listen to,look at ）使役动词：have,get,catch,leave,set 值得注意的是：要想用现在分词来作宾补只能是用于这些词后但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补） eg.I saw him singing now. Don't have the students studying all day. 注意 ：宾语与作宾补充的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者 至于现在分词作主语补足语的情况只须知道上述动词的被动语态形式中的现在分词作的是主补即可无须深入,作表语(1) 分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人的”都是ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用ed形式。换句话说，若人对感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in.， 若人/ 物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb/sth is interesting。,